Knight Talks Tech

Category: 02 – Literature Review

  • Abstract

    Brief but comprehensive summary/overview of entire paper. Describes: topic of research hypothesis being tested results of test conclusions drawn Rest of paper fills out details.

  • Title & Author information

    Usually includes all contributors to paper. Many etiquettes/guidelines covering who to include and in what order. Very between publications and subject areas. Usually first is lead author who has made significant contribution. Also common for many journals to list authors alphabetically. Student papers often list supervisor.

  • What Does a Paper Look Like?

    Structure varies to some extent, review of previous work can vary, key elements always the same: Title & Author information Abstract Keywords Introduction Related work Contribution to knowledge Conclusions Evaluation and future work Acknowledgements References

  • The Process

    Basic cycle is as follows: Read some papers Write literature review Do research Write it up Submit to journal or conference Peer review Acceptance & publication, or rejection (90% in some cases – revise & resubmit) Others read the paper Repeat process

  • Who Publishes Academic Papers?

    Many organisations Learned societies Publishing companies

  • Who Writes Academic Papers?

    Academics Industrial researchers Students Not usually degree students Masters students required to “contribute significantly to the knowledge of mankind” Additionally, anyone can write an academic paper. Peer review process is double-blind therefore author does not need to be expert in subject area. Reviewer does not need to know paper is not from large research institution.

  • What are Academic Papers for?

    Papers validate contributions to knowledge. Reviewed: Subject experts peer review. Published with others in area checking it. Scrutinised by other researchers once in public domain. Tested again and again by many people. Paper can stand up to tests, be modified or thrown out. Papers disseminate knowledge, e.g. discover and share a cure for disease. Papers…

  • What is an Academic Paper?

    Document that presents research work to the world. Formal document – conforms to style and structure guidelines. Published in credible domain or forum i.e. conference or journal.

  • Hierarchy of Credibility

    Hierarchy of credibility: Journals Conferences Academic books Manufacturer’s white papers & internally published papers Wikipedia/Webpodia Web blogs Manufacturer’s white papers may not be considered as credible as journals or conference papers as there will be a degree of bias toward their own service or product. The white paper will also likely not have gone through…

  • Conferences

    Academic conference papers and presentations represent current position – point research has reached. Not usually completed work but tentative conclusions are drawn based on results obtained so far, Level of review not necessarily as high as journal.